(EP) Evoked Potential
(Still in Developement)
(Still in Developement)

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(Still in Development)
(Please Appreciate, Recognize and Acknowledge the contributory source links)
I. Pre-Study Procedures
A. Patient History >
1. Elements of a history
2. Use of medical terminology
3. Neurologic exam
4. Common medications
B. Common neurologic disorders and correlations >
1. CNS infections
2. Demyelinating diseases
3. Head injury
4. Tumors
5. Toxic and metabolic disorders
6. Vascular disease
7. Disorders of the auditory system
8. Disorders of the visual system
9. Neuropathology
10. Basic neuroanatomy: central and peripheral
11. Basic neurophysiology
12. General anatomy
C. Considerations in recording
1. Communication with patient
2. Age-specific considerations
3. Effects of medications on recording
4. EP correlations to known conditions
5. Wave form generators
6. Infection control
7. Sedation practice
II. Performing the EP Study
A. Prepare the patient
1. Measuring for electrode placement
2. 10-20 and Queen’s Square application
3. Non-cephalic electrode sites
4. Techniques for applying electrodes
5. Electrode properties
6. Obtaining acceptable impedances
7. Related MSDS/OSHA standards
8. Patient safety
B. EP Recording
1. ACNS Guidelines
2. Basic recording strategy
3. Recording techniques per modality
4. Stimulating techniques per modality
5. Proper sensitivity and filter settings
6. Documentation
7. Normative data
8. Evaluation of latencies and amplitudes
9. Near and far field recordings
10. Normal and abnormal parameters
11. Polarity
12. Identifying and correcting artifacts
13. Troubleshooting
C. Instrumentation
1. Use of recording equipment
2. Recording parameters per modality 9
3. Stimulating parameters
4. Basic electronics
5. Electrical safety
6. Characteristics of the differential amplifier
7. Sensitivity and gain
8. Nyquist frequency and aliasing
9. Grounding
10. Averaging
11. Analog to digital conversion
12. Sampling rate
13. Horizontal and vertical resolution
14. Signal-to-noise ratio
15. Artifact rejection
16. Basic computer skills
D. Modification of recording strategy
1. Selection of recording parameters
2. Use of filters
3. Obligate waveform analysis and identification
4. Replication and trials
5. Non-standard montages and electrodes
6. Other types of evoked potential studies
III. Post-Study Procedures
A. Electrode removal
1. Infection control
2. Related MSDS/OSHA standards
3. Cleaning and disinfection of electrodes
B. Processing data
1. Digital instrumentation
2. Basic computer skills
3. HIPAA considerations
IV. Ethics and Professional Issues
A. Conduct in practice
1. ABRET Code of Ethics
2. National Patient Safety Goals
3. HIPAA
B. Patient Safety
1. Infection control
2. MSDS/OSHA standards
3. Electrical safety techniques
I. Pre-Study Procedures
A. Patient History >
1. Elements of a history
2. Use of medical terminology
3. Neurologic exam
4. Common medications
B. Common neurologic disorders and correlations >
1. CNS infections
2. Demyelinating diseases
3. Head injury
4. Tumors
5. Toxic and metabolic disorders
6. Vascular disease
7. Disorders of the auditory system
8. Disorders of the visual system
9. Neuropathology
10. Basic neuroanatomy: central and peripheral
11. Basic neurophysiology
12. General anatomy
C. Considerations in recording
1. Communication with patient
2. Age-specific considerations
3. Effects of medications on recording
4. EP correlations to known conditions
5. Wave form generators
6. Infection control
7. Sedation practice
II. Performing the EP Study
A. Prepare the patient
1. Measuring for electrode placement
2. 10-20 and Queen’s Square application
3. Non-cephalic electrode sites
4. Techniques for applying electrodes
5. Electrode properties
6. Obtaining acceptable impedances
7. Related MSDS/OSHA standards
8. Patient safety
B. EP Recording
1. ACNS Guidelines
2. Basic recording strategy
3. Recording techniques per modality
4. Stimulating techniques per modality
5. Proper sensitivity and filter settings
6. Documentation
7. Normative data
8. Evaluation of latencies and amplitudes
9. Near and far field recordings
10. Normal and abnormal parameters
11. Polarity
12. Identifying and correcting artifacts
13. Troubleshooting
C. Instrumentation
1. Use of recording equipment
2. Recording parameters per modality 9
3. Stimulating parameters
4. Basic electronics
5. Electrical safety
6. Characteristics of the differential amplifier
7. Sensitivity and gain
8. Nyquist frequency and aliasing
9. Grounding
10. Averaging
11. Analog to digital conversion
12. Sampling rate
13. Horizontal and vertical resolution
14. Signal-to-noise ratio
15. Artifact rejection
16. Basic computer skills
D. Modification of recording strategy
1. Selection of recording parameters
2. Use of filters
3. Obligate waveform analysis and identification
4. Replication and trials
5. Non-standard montages and electrodes
6. Other types of evoked potential studies
III. Post-Study Procedures
A. Electrode removal
1. Infection control
2. Related MSDS/OSHA standards
3. Cleaning and disinfection of electrodes
B. Processing data
1. Digital instrumentation
2. Basic computer skills
3. HIPAA considerations
IV. Ethics and Professional Issues
A. Conduct in practice
1. ABRET Code of Ethics
2. National Patient Safety Goals
3. HIPAA
B. Patient Safety
1. Infection control
2. MSDS/OSHA standards
3. Electrical safety techniques
Physiology and Anatomy
*Atoms & Ions
*Electrical Theory
*Physiology of Resting Potentials and Action Potentials
*Cell Membrane Physiology
*All or None
*Depolarization
*Repolarization
*Hyperpolarization
*Refractory Period
*Propagation of Action Potentials
*Saltatory Conduction
*Schwann Cells
*Nodes of Ranvier
*Sodium Potassium Pump
*Myelinated Axons
*Unmyelianted Axons
*Nerve Physiology
*Peripheral Nerve Anatomy
*Fascicles
*Connective Tissue
*Fiber Types
*Cell Body Location of Motor and Sensory Axons
*Muscle Structure
*Mechanism of Contraction
*Brachial Plexus
*Lumbosacral Plexus
*Basic Electronics
*Ohms Law
*AC-DC Circuit Theory
*Instrumentation
*Equipment Parameters
*Stimulation CV vs CC
*Stimulator Parameters
*Concepts and Pitfalls
*Nerve Conduction Velocity Concepts
*Pre and Post Ganglionic Lesions
*NC Studies Misc
*Waveform Evaluation
*Normal Values
*Pediatric Nerve Conduction
*Wallerian Degeneration + Neurapraxia, Axonotmesis, Neurotmesis
*F-Waves, H-Reflex, A-Waves
*Blink Reflex
*Neuromuscular Junction
*Pre/Postsynaptic Disorders
*Repetitive Stimulation
*Upper Ext- Median Nerve, Anterior Interosseous +
*Ulnar Nerve +
*Radial Nerve +
*Musculocutaneous Nerve/Lateral Antebrachial
*Lower Ext- Saphenous Nerve
*Femoral Nerve
*Lateral Femoral Cutaneous
*Sciatic Nerve Common Peroneal and Tibial
*Cranial Nerves I-XII
*Facial Nerve
*Trigeminal Nerve
*Accessory Nerve
*Phrenic Nerve
*Suprascapular Nerve
*Long Thoracic Nerve
*Axillary Nerve
*Multifocal Motor Neuropathy with Conduction Block
*Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
*Poliomyelitis, Spinal Muscular Atrophy
*Dorsal Root Ganglion Disorders/Sensory Neuronopathies
*Radiculopathy - Root
*Polyradiculopathy
*Root Avulsion
*Plexus - Erb's Palsy
*Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
*Parsonage Turner
*Mononeuropathies
*Median CTS
*Ulnar UE
*Ulnar Guyons Canal
*Radial Nerve - Saturday Night Palsy
*Mononeuropathy Multiplex
*Tibial - Tarsal Tunnel
*Peroneal - Fibular Head
*Polyneuropathies
*Hereditary - Charcot Marie Tooth
*Acquired - AIDP, CIDP
*Toxic, Metabolic, Infectious
*Muscle Disorders
*Technical Considerations
*Temperature Effects, Age, Height
*Anomalous Innervation
*MGA Martin Gruber Anastomosis
*Riche Cannieu Anastomosis
*Accessary Peroneal Nerve
*Technical Factors
*Safety Factors
*Muscle Physiology
Basic Electronics, Instrumentation and Stimulation
*Basic Electronics
*Instrumentation
*Equipment Parameters
*Stimulators
*Stimulation
Nerve Conduction Velocity Concepts and Wallerian Degeneration
*Nerve Conduction
*Wallerian Degeneration
Late Responses and Blink Reflex
*F-Waves
*H-Reflexes
*A-Waves
*Blink Reflex
*Health For Kids
(Test Your Knowledge) ** Study and Review topics and upon successful passing of tests you can receive a Certificate of Completion for knowledge substantiation from Neurophysiology Enlightenment.
>Disclaimer...
>Link Acknowledgements...
*Atoms & Ions
*Electrical Theory
*Physiology of Resting Potentials and Action Potentials
*Cell Membrane Physiology
*All or None
*Depolarization
*Repolarization
*Hyperpolarization
*Refractory Period
*Propagation of Action Potentials
*Saltatory Conduction
*Schwann Cells
*Nodes of Ranvier
*Sodium Potassium Pump
*Myelinated Axons
*Unmyelianted Axons
*Nerve Physiology
*Peripheral Nerve Anatomy
*Fascicles
*Connective Tissue
*Fiber Types
*Cell Body Location of Motor and Sensory Axons
*Muscle Structure
*Mechanism of Contraction
*Brachial Plexus
*Lumbosacral Plexus
*Basic Electronics
*Ohms Law
*AC-DC Circuit Theory
*Instrumentation
*Equipment Parameters
*Stimulation CV vs CC
*Stimulator Parameters
*Concepts and Pitfalls
*Nerve Conduction Velocity Concepts
*Pre and Post Ganglionic Lesions
*NC Studies Misc
*Waveform Evaluation
*Normal Values
*Pediatric Nerve Conduction
*Wallerian Degeneration + Neurapraxia, Axonotmesis, Neurotmesis
*F-Waves, H-Reflex, A-Waves
*Blink Reflex
*Neuromuscular Junction
*Pre/Postsynaptic Disorders
*Repetitive Stimulation
*Upper Ext- Median Nerve, Anterior Interosseous +
*Ulnar Nerve +
*Radial Nerve +
*Musculocutaneous Nerve/Lateral Antebrachial
*Lower Ext- Saphenous Nerve
*Femoral Nerve
*Lateral Femoral Cutaneous
*Sciatic Nerve Common Peroneal and Tibial
*Cranial Nerves I-XII
*Facial Nerve
*Trigeminal Nerve
*Accessory Nerve
*Phrenic Nerve
*Suprascapular Nerve
*Long Thoracic Nerve
*Axillary Nerve
*Multifocal Motor Neuropathy with Conduction Block
*Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
*Poliomyelitis, Spinal Muscular Atrophy
*Dorsal Root Ganglion Disorders/Sensory Neuronopathies
*Radiculopathy - Root
*Polyradiculopathy
*Root Avulsion
*Plexus - Erb's Palsy
*Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
*Parsonage Turner
*Mononeuropathies
*Median CTS
*Ulnar UE
*Ulnar Guyons Canal
*Radial Nerve - Saturday Night Palsy
*Mononeuropathy Multiplex
*Tibial - Tarsal Tunnel
*Peroneal - Fibular Head
*Polyneuropathies
*Hereditary - Charcot Marie Tooth
*Acquired - AIDP, CIDP
*Toxic, Metabolic, Infectious
*Muscle Disorders
*Technical Considerations
*Temperature Effects, Age, Height
*Anomalous Innervation
*MGA Martin Gruber Anastomosis
*Riche Cannieu Anastomosis
*Accessary Peroneal Nerve
*Technical Factors
*Safety Factors
*Muscle Physiology
Basic Electronics, Instrumentation and Stimulation
*Basic Electronics
*Instrumentation
*Equipment Parameters
*Stimulators
*Stimulation
Nerve Conduction Velocity Concepts and Wallerian Degeneration
*Nerve Conduction
*Wallerian Degeneration
Late Responses and Blink Reflex
*F-Waves
*H-Reflexes
*A-Waves
*Blink Reflex
*Health For Kids
(Test Your Knowledge) ** Study and Review topics and upon successful passing of tests you can receive a Certificate of Completion for knowledge substantiation from Neurophysiology Enlightenment.
>Disclaimer...
>Link Acknowledgements...
(Test Your Knowledge) ** Study and Review topics and upon successful passing of tests you can receive a Certificate of Completion for knowledge substantiation from Neurophysiology Enlightenment.
Disclaimer:
This Website is not intended to take the place of traditional instruction and its content and online sources are meant to be used only as a reference for the quick review of subject matter listed in Exam Outline
Website content and sources are believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in accordance with the standards accepted at the time of publication/transmission. The information contained on this website cannot replace sound medical and discipline advice from qualified professionals and educators.
Further, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical sciences or instruction neither the author(s) nor the online sources, nor any institutions they are affiliated with nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation, publication or transmission of this work warrants that the information contained herein is in every aspect accurate or complete, and they are not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the use of such information.
Please Note: And Recognize the Source Link References, Authors, Institutions and all other contributories while using this site and users are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other sources. We thank the Sources, Authors, Institutions and all other Contributory links .
These links are being provided as a convenience and for informational purposes only; they do not constitute an endorsement or an approval by NeuroEnlight of any of the products, services or opinions of the corporation or organization or individual. NeuroEnlight bears no responsibility for the accuracy, legality or content of the external site or for that of subsequent links. Contact the external site for answers to questions regarding its content.
Please note: Web pages on the NeuroEnlight site containing one or more links to external Internet sites may carry the above statement, in its entirety or link to this page, and external links may be followed with this DisCLAIMER icon.
This Website is not intended to take the place of traditional instruction and its content and online sources are meant to be used only as a reference for the quick review of subject matter listed in Exam Outline
Website content and sources are believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in accordance with the standards accepted at the time of publication/transmission. The information contained on this website cannot replace sound medical and discipline advice from qualified professionals and educators.
Further, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical sciences or instruction neither the author(s) nor the online sources, nor any institutions they are affiliated with nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation, publication or transmission of this work warrants that the information contained herein is in every aspect accurate or complete, and they are not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the use of such information.
Please Note: And Recognize the Source Link References, Authors, Institutions and all other contributories while using this site and users are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other sources. We thank the Sources, Authors, Institutions and all other Contributory links .
These links are being provided as a convenience and for informational purposes only; they do not constitute an endorsement or an approval by NeuroEnlight of any of the products, services or opinions of the corporation or organization or individual. NeuroEnlight bears no responsibility for the accuracy, legality or content of the external site or for that of subsequent links. Contact the external site for answers to questions regarding its content.
Please note: Web pages on the NeuroEnlight site containing one or more links to external Internet sites may carry the above statement, in its entirety or link to this page, and external links may be followed with this DisCLAIMER icon.